Practice Free PSPO-II Exam Online Questions
Question #1
The Developers inform the Product Owner during the Sprint that they are not likely to complete everything they forecasted.
What would you expect a Product Owner to do? (choose the best answer)
- A . Reduce the scope of the Sprint, if possible, to still meet the Sprint Goal.
- B . Skip Product Backlog refinement activities.
- C . End the Sprint, since the goal cannot be achieved.
- D . Change the Sprint Goal to match what the Developers can deliver.
- E . Inform management that more resources are needed.
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
According to the Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II certification guide1, the Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. This means that the Product Owner should collaborate with the Developers and the Scrum Master to find the best way to deliver value in the current Sprint, even if the initial forecast is not met. The Product Owner should not change or abandon the Sprint Goal, as it is a commitment made by the Scrum Team during Sprint Planning. The Product Owner should also not skip Product Backlog refinement activities, as they are essential for preparing the Product Backlog for future Sprints. The Product Owner should not end the Sprint prematurely, as it may cause more disruption and waste than delivering a potentially releasable Increment. The Product Owner should not inform management that more resources are needed, as it may imply that the Scrum Team is not self-organizing and cross-functional. The Product Owner should respect the Developers’ autonomy and professionalism and support them in finding the best solution to the problem. Therefore, the best answer is to reduce the scope of the Sprint, if possible, to still meet the Sprint Goal. This means that the Product Owner and the Developers should negotiate the scope of the Sprint Backlog within the Sprint, removing or adding Product Backlog items that are aligned with the Sprint Goal and the value delivery.
Reference: 1: Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification | Scrum.org
A
Explanation:
According to the Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II certification guide1, the Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. This means that the Product Owner should collaborate with the Developers and the Scrum Master to find the best way to deliver value in the current Sprint, even if the initial forecast is not met. The Product Owner should not change or abandon the Sprint Goal, as it is a commitment made by the Scrum Team during Sprint Planning. The Product Owner should also not skip Product Backlog refinement activities, as they are essential for preparing the Product Backlog for future Sprints. The Product Owner should not end the Sprint prematurely, as it may cause more disruption and waste than delivering a potentially releasable Increment. The Product Owner should not inform management that more resources are needed, as it may imply that the Scrum Team is not self-organizing and cross-functional. The Product Owner should respect the Developers’ autonomy and professionalism and support them in finding the best solution to the problem. Therefore, the best answer is to reduce the scope of the Sprint, if possible, to still meet the Sprint Goal. This means that the Product Owner and the Developers should negotiate the scope of the Sprint Backlog within the Sprint, removing or adding Product Backlog items that are aligned with the Sprint Goal and the value delivery.
Reference: 1: Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification | Scrum.org
Question #2
The most important thing a Product Owner can do is: (choose the best answer)
- A . Determine the release schedule and contents.
- B . Ensure that all stakeholder needs are met.
- C . Function as the single source of truth for all requirements.
- D . Maximize the value delivered by the product.
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
According to the Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II certification guide1, the Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. This means that the Product Owner is responsible for defining, ordering, and validating what the Scrum Team works on, and ensuring that the product delivers value to the customers, users, and the organization. The other options are not the most important thing a Product Owner can do, because they are either too narrow (A), too unrealistic (B), or too prescriptive ©.
Reference: 1: Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification | Scrum.org
D
Explanation:
According to the Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II certification guide1, the Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. This means that the Product Owner is responsible for defining, ordering, and validating what the Scrum Team works on, and ensuring that the product delivers value to the customers, users, and the organization. The other options are not the most important thing a Product Owner can do, because they are either too narrow (A), too unrealistic (B), or too prescriptive ©.
Reference: 1: Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification | Scrum.org
Question #3
Who is accountable for maintaining and communicating the Product Goal? (choose the best answer)
- A . The Product Owner.
- B . The Developers.
- C . Executive Sponsors.
- D . Stakeholders.
- E . All of the above.
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
The Product Owner is accountable for maintaining and communicating the Product Goal. This responsibility includes ensuring that the goal is visible to everyone and provides direction and
purpose for the Scrum Team and its stakeholders
A
Explanation:
The Product Owner is accountable for maintaining and communicating the Product Goal. This responsibility includes ensuring that the goal is visible to everyone and provides direction and
purpose for the Scrum Team and its stakeholders
Question #4
If a Scrum Team uses Product Backlog refinement, when should it occur? (choose the best two answers)
- A . The Product Owner takes the time between the Sprints to do it.
- B . Business Analysts in the organization should do this work for the Scrum Team 1-2 Sprints ahead of the development Sprints.
- C . The Product Owner and the Developers can refine the Product Backlog during any Sprint as needed, ideally in advance of the upcoming Sprint.
- D . The Product Owner must do this as essential work in Sprint 0.
- E . The Product Owner and the Developers do it in the current Sprint if they have been unable to do it in preceding Sprints.
Correct Answer: C,E
C,E
Explanation:
Product Backlog refinement is an ongoing activity that can occur at any time during a Sprint, as needed. The Product Owner and Developers collaborate on this task, ideally in advance of the upcoming Sprint to ensure clarity and readiness of the work ©. If refinement has not been done in preceding Sprints, it should be done in the current Sprint to maintain the flow of valuable work (E). This approach is consistent with the Scrum principle of continuous improvement and the iterative, incremental nature of Scrum12.
C,E
Explanation:
Product Backlog refinement is an ongoing activity that can occur at any time during a Sprint, as needed. The Product Owner and Developers collaborate on this task, ideally in advance of the upcoming Sprint to ensure clarity and readiness of the work ©. If refinement has not been done in preceding Sprints, it should be done in the current Sprint to maintain the flow of valuable work (E). This approach is consistent with the Scrum principle of continuous improvement and the iterative, incremental nature of Scrum12.
Question #5
Which of the following measures might help you determine whether your product is delivering value to your customer? (choose the best answer)
- A . The number of "must-do" Product Backlog items delivered in a release.
- B . The average cost of your product release.
- C . The on-schedule performance of the Scrum Team.
- D . How often your customers use your product.
- E . All of the above.
- F . None of the above.
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
The value of a product is not determined by how many features it has, how much it costs, or how fast it is delivered, but by how well it meets the needs and expectations of the customers and stakeholders. Therefore, the best measure of value is how often and how effectively the customers use the product to achieve their goals and solve their problems. This can be assessed by using metrics such as customer satisfaction, retention, engagement, loyalty, referrals, revenue, or any other indicators that reflect the desired outcomes and benefits of the product.
The other options are not the best measures of value, because they either focus on the output rather than the outcome, or they do not reflect the customer perspective. The number of “must-do” Product Backlog items delivered in a release may indicate the scope or the quality of the product, but not necessarily the value. The average cost of the product release may indicate the efficiency or the profitability of the product, but not necessarily the value. The on-schedule performance of the Scrum Team may indicate the predictability or the agility of the product development process, but not necessarily the value. Reference: = Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification, Managing Products with Agility, Evidence-Based Management
D
Explanation:
The value of a product is not determined by how many features it has, how much it costs, or how fast it is delivered, but by how well it meets the needs and expectations of the customers and stakeholders. Therefore, the best measure of value is how often and how effectively the customers use the product to achieve their goals and solve their problems. This can be assessed by using metrics such as customer satisfaction, retention, engagement, loyalty, referrals, revenue, or any other indicators that reflect the desired outcomes and benefits of the product.
The other options are not the best measures of value, because they either focus on the output rather than the outcome, or they do not reflect the customer perspective. The number of “must-do” Product Backlog items delivered in a release may indicate the scope or the quality of the product, but not necessarily the value. The average cost of the product release may indicate the efficiency or the profitability of the product, but not necessarily the value. The on-schedule performance of the Scrum Team may indicate the predictability or the agility of the product development process, but not necessarily the value. Reference: = Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification, Managing Products with Agility, Evidence-Based Management
Question #6
Which of the following activities should a Product Owner never do? (choose the best answer)
- A . Decide when to release the product Increment.
- B . Dictate the Sprint Goal.
- C . Accept work done during the Sprint.
- D . Establish a Product Goal.
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
According to the Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II certification guide1, the Sprint Goal is the single objective for the Sprint. It is a commitment made by the Scrum Team during Sprint Planning. The Sprint Goal provides guidance to the Developers on why it is valuable to build a coherent Increment. The Product Owner proposes how the product could increase its value and utility in the current Sprint. The whole Scrum Team then collaborates to define a Sprint Goal that communicates why the Sprint is valuable to stakeholders. The Product Owner should not dictate the Sprint Goal, but rather collaborate with the Developers and the Scrum Master to create a shared understanding and alignment. The other options are not activities that a Product Owner should never do, because they are either part of the Product Owner’s accountabilities (A, C, D) or may be done in collaboration with others (A, D).
Reference: 1: Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification | Scrum.org
B
Explanation:
According to the Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II certification guide1, the Sprint Goal is the single objective for the Sprint. It is a commitment made by the Scrum Team during Sprint Planning. The Sprint Goal provides guidance to the Developers on why it is valuable to build a coherent Increment. The Product Owner proposes how the product could increase its value and utility in the current Sprint. The whole Scrum Team then collaborates to define a Sprint Goal that communicates why the Sprint is valuable to stakeholders. The Product Owner should not dictate the Sprint Goal, but rather collaborate with the Developers and the Scrum Master to create a shared understanding and alignment. The other options are not activities that a Product Owner should never do, because they are either part of the Product Owner’s accountabilities (A, C, D) or may be done in collaboration with others (A, D).
Reference: 1: Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification | Scrum.org
Question #7
As an investor or shareholder, which of the following measures might give you insight about whether a product is delivering value? (choose all that apply)
- A . Revenue per Employee.
- B . Market Share.
- C . The average selling price as compared to close competitors.
- D . Product profitability.
- E . The weekly velocity of the Developers.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
A,B,C,D
Explanation:
A, B, C, and D are correct because they are all measures of the value that a product delivers to the customers and the organization1. Revenue per Employee indicates the efficiency and productivity of the product development2. Market Share shows the competitive advantage and customer satisfaction of the product3. The average selling price as compared to close competitors reflects the perceived value and quality of the product4. Product profitability measures the financial return and viability of the product5. E is incorrect because the weekly velocity of the Developers is not a measure of value, but a measure of output and capacity. Velocity does not indicate whether the product is meeting the needs and expectations of the customers and the stakeholders.
A,B,C,D
Explanation:
A, B, C, and D are correct because they are all measures of the value that a product delivers to the customers and the organization1. Revenue per Employee indicates the efficiency and productivity of the product development2. Market Share shows the competitive advantage and customer satisfaction of the product3. The average selling price as compared to close competitors reflects the perceived value and quality of the product4. Product profitability measures the financial return and viability of the product5. E is incorrect because the weekly velocity of the Developers is not a measure of value, but a measure of output and capacity. Velocity does not indicate whether the product is meeting the needs and expectations of the customers and the stakeholders.
Question #8
Which of the following statements about the Product Backlog are true? (choose the best two answers)
- A . The Product Backlog is ordered by the Product Owner.
- B . The Product Backlog should be visible to the Scrum Team and stakeholders.
- C . All Product Backlog items must be expressed as user stories.
- D . All Product Backlog items must be identified before the first Sprint begins.
- E . Only the Product Owner can place items on the Product Backlog.
- F . The Product Backlog represents the input of all stakeholders and eliminates any need for the Developers to speak to stakeholders.
Correct Answer: A,B
A,B
Explanation:
The Product Backlog is an ordered list of what is needed to improve the product, and it is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum Team. The Product Owner is responsible for ordering the Product Backlog items by value, risk, priority, and dependencies. The Product Backlog should be transparent and accessible to the Scrum Team and the stakeholders, so that everyone can understand the scope and progress of the product development. Therefore, options A and B are true statements about the Product Backlog.
Option C is not true because the Product Backlog items can be expressed in various formats, such as user stories, use cases, scenarios, or any other way that clearly conveys the intent and value of the item. User stories are a common and useful technique, but not a mandatory one.
Option D is not true because the Product Backlog is not a fixed and complete specification of the product, but rather an emergent and dynamic artifact that evolves over time. The Product Backlog items are refined and clarified by the Product Owner and the Developers throughout the product development process, and new items can be added or removed as needed. The Product Backlog does not need to be fully defined before the first Sprint begins, but only enough to support the first Sprint Planning.
Option E is not true because the Product Owner is not the only source of ideas and requirements for the product. The Product Owner collaborates with the Developers and the stakeholders to discover, validate, and prioritize the Product Backlog items. The Product Owner may delegate the authority to add items to the Product Backlog to others, but remains accountable for the ordering and the value of the Product Backlog.
Option F is not true because the Product Backlog does not replace the communication and collaboration between the Developers and the stakeholders. The Product Backlog represents the input of all stakeholders, but it is not a substitute for direct feedback and interaction. The Developers need to engage with the stakeholders to understand their needs, expectations, and feedback, and to deliver a valuable product increment that meets the Sprint Goal and the Definition of Done.
Reference: Professional Scrum Product Owner II Assessment
Understanding and Applying the Scrum Framework
Managing Products with Agility
[What is a Product Backlog?]
[Product Backlog Explained]
A,B
Explanation:
The Product Backlog is an ordered list of what is needed to improve the product, and it is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum Team. The Product Owner is responsible for ordering the Product Backlog items by value, risk, priority, and dependencies. The Product Backlog should be transparent and accessible to the Scrum Team and the stakeholders, so that everyone can understand the scope and progress of the product development. Therefore, options A and B are true statements about the Product Backlog.
Option C is not true because the Product Backlog items can be expressed in various formats, such as user stories, use cases, scenarios, or any other way that clearly conveys the intent and value of the item. User stories are a common and useful technique, but not a mandatory one.
Option D is not true because the Product Backlog is not a fixed and complete specification of the product, but rather an emergent and dynamic artifact that evolves over time. The Product Backlog items are refined and clarified by the Product Owner and the Developers throughout the product development process, and new items can be added or removed as needed. The Product Backlog does not need to be fully defined before the first Sprint begins, but only enough to support the first Sprint Planning.
Option E is not true because the Product Owner is not the only source of ideas and requirements for the product. The Product Owner collaborates with the Developers and the stakeholders to discover, validate, and prioritize the Product Backlog items. The Product Owner may delegate the authority to add items to the Product Backlog to others, but remains accountable for the ordering and the value of the Product Backlog.
Option F is not true because the Product Backlog does not replace the communication and collaboration between the Developers and the stakeholders. The Product Backlog represents the input of all stakeholders, but it is not a substitute for direct feedback and interaction. The Developers need to engage with the stakeholders to understand their needs, expectations, and feedback, and to deliver a valuable product increment that meets the Sprint Goal and the Definition of Done.
Reference: Professional Scrum Product Owner II Assessment
Understanding and Applying the Scrum Framework
Managing Products with Agility
[What is a Product Backlog?]
[Product Backlog Explained]
Question #9
A user satisfaction gap exists when there is a difference between: (choose the best two answers)
- A . The total market size.
- B . The user’s desired outcome.
- C . The market share of the product.
- D . The user’s actual experience.
Correct Answer: B,D
B,D
Explanation:
A user satisfaction gap exists when there is a difference between what the user expects from a product or service and what the user actually experiences12. The user’s desired outcome is the goal or benefit that the user wants to achieve by using the product or service3. The user’s actual experience is the perception and evaluation of the product or service by the user4. If the user’s actual experience does not meet or exceed the user’s desired outcome, the user will be dissatisfied and may switch to a different product or service.
Reference:
1: Identifying and Closing the Customer Satisfaction Gap
2: Find the Gaps in Your User Experience
3: [Outcome-Driven Innovation]
4: [User Experience]
: Measure Business Opportunities with Unrealized Value
B,D
Explanation:
A user satisfaction gap exists when there is a difference between what the user expects from a product or service and what the user actually experiences12. The user’s desired outcome is the goal or benefit that the user wants to achieve by using the product or service3. The user’s actual experience is the perception and evaluation of the product or service by the user4. If the user’s actual experience does not meet or exceed the user’s desired outcome, the user will be dissatisfied and may switch to a different product or service.
Reference:
1: Identifying and Closing the Customer Satisfaction Gap
2: Find the Gaps in Your User Experience
3: [Outcome-Driven Innovation]
4: [User Experience]
: Measure Business Opportunities with Unrealized Value
Question #10
Personas can help to: (choose the best answer)
- A . Understand the needs of a set of users.
- B . Formulate hypotheses about product value.
- C . Understand market potential.
- D . Discover key buying triggers.
- E . All of the above.
Correct Answer: E
E
Explanation:
Personas are fictional characters that represent the different user types that might use your product or service in a similar way1. Personas can help you to2345:
Understand the needs of a set of users by creating empathy and insight into their goals, behaviors, and pain points.
Formulate hypotheses about product value by identifying the problems and opportunities that your product can address for each user type.
Understand market potential by estimating the size and characteristics of each user segment and their willingness to pay for your product.
Discover key buying triggers by exploring the motivations, influences, and decision-making processes of each user type.
Design and test your product features and user experience by using personas as a guide and a reference point.
Reference:
1: Personas C A Simple Introduction
2: The Complete Guide to User Personas and How They Can Help Your Marketing Strategy (With Examples)
3: Personas | Usability.gov
4: The importance of personas for digital experience
5: Personas | Definition and Overview
E
Explanation:
Personas are fictional characters that represent the different user types that might use your product or service in a similar way1. Personas can help you to2345:
Understand the needs of a set of users by creating empathy and insight into their goals, behaviors, and pain points.
Formulate hypotheses about product value by identifying the problems and opportunities that your product can address for each user type.
Understand market potential by estimating the size and characteristics of each user segment and their willingness to pay for your product.
Discover key buying triggers by exploring the motivations, influences, and decision-making processes of each user type.
Design and test your product features and user experience by using personas as a guide and a reference point.
Reference:
1: Personas C A Simple Introduction
2: The Complete Guide to User Personas and How They Can Help Your Marketing Strategy (With Examples)
3: Personas | Usability.gov
4: The importance of personas for digital experience
5: Personas | Definition and Overview