Practice Free ISO-IEC-27005 Risk Manager Exam Online Questions
Scenario 1
The risk assessment process was led by Henry, Bontton’s risk manager. The first step that Henry took was identifying the company’s assets. Afterward, Henry created various potential incident scenarios. One of the main concerns regarding the use of the application was the possibility of being targeted by cyber attackers, as a great number of organizations were experiencing cyberattacks during that time. After analyzing the identified risks, Henry evaluated them and concluded that new controls must be implemented if the company wants to use the application. Among others, he stated that training should be provided to personnel regarding the use of the application and that awareness sessions should be conducted regarding the importance of protecting customers’ personal data. Lastly, Henry communicated the risk assessment results to the top management. They decided that the application will be used only after treating the identified risks.
According to scenario 1, Bontton wanted to use an application that ensures only authorized users have access to customers’ personal data .
Which information security principle does Bontton want to ensure in this case?
- A . Integrity
- B . Availability
- C . Confidentiality
C
Explanation:
In the context of information security, confidentiality refers to ensuring that information is accessible only to those who are authorized to have access. According to scenario 1, Bontton wanted to use an application that ensures only authorized users have access to customers’ personal data. This directly aligns with the principle of confidentiality, as Bontton aims to protect personal data from unauthorized access or disclosure. This focus on restricting access to sensitive data to authorized personnel clearly indicates that the confidentiality of information is the primary concern in this case. Thus, the correct answer is C.
Scenario 5: Detika is a private cardiology clinic in Pennsylvania, the US. Detika has one of the most advanced healthcare systems for treating heart diseases. The clinic uses sophisticated apparatus that detects heart diseases in early stages. Since 2010, medical information of Detika’s patients is stored on the organization’s digital systems. Electronic health records (EHR), among others, include patients’ diagnosis, treatment plan, and laboratory results.
Storing and accessing patient and other medical data digitally was a huge and a risky step for Detik a. Considering the sensitivity of information stored in their systems, Detika conducts regular risk assessments to ensure that all information security risks are identified and managed. Last month, Detika conducted a risk assessment which was focused on the EHR system. During risk identification, the IT team found out that some employees were not updating the operating systems regularly. This could cause major problems such as a data breach or loss of software compatibility. In addition, the IT team tested the software and detected a flaw in one of the software modules used. Both issues were reported to the top management and they decided to implement appropriate controls for treating the identified risks. They decided to organize training sessions for all employees in order to make them aware of the importance of the system updates. In addition, the manager of the IT Department was appointed as the person responsible for ensuring that the software is regularly tested.
Another risk identified during the risk assessment was the risk of a potential ransomware attack. This risk was defined as low because all their data was backed up daily. The IT team decided to accept the actual risk of ransomware attacks and concluded that additional measures were not required. This decision was documented in the risk treatment plan and communicated to the risk owner. The risk owner approved the risk treatment plan and documented the risk assessment results.
Following that, Detika initiated the implementation of new controls. In addition, one of the employees of the IT Department was assigned the responsibility for monitoring the implementation process and ensure the effectiveness of the security controls. The IT team, on the other hand, was responsible for allocating the resources needed to effectively implement the new controls.
Based on scenario 5, which risk treatment option did Detika select to treat the risk of a potential ransomware attack?
- A . Risk retention
- B . Risk avoidance
- C . Risk sharing
A
Explanation:
Risk retention involves accepting the risk when its likelihood or impact is low, or when the cost of mitigating the risk is higher than the benefit. In the scenario, Detika decided to accept the risk of a potential ransomware attack because the data is backed up daily, and additional measures were deemed unnecessary. This decision aligns with the risk retention strategy, where an organization chooses to live with the risk rather than apply further controls. Option A is the correct answer.
Reference: ISO/IEC 27005:2018, Clause 8.6, "Risk Treatment," which discusses risk retention as an option for managing risks deemed acceptable by the organization.
Scenario 4: In 2017, seeing that millions of people turned to online shopping, Ed and James Cordon founded the online marketplace for footwear called Poshoe. In the past, purchasing pre-owned designer shoes online was not a pleasant experience because of unattractive pictures and an inability to ascertain the products’ authenticity. However, after Poshoe’s establishment, each product was well advertised and certified as authentic before being offered to clients. This increased the customers’ confidence and trust in Poshoe’s products and services. Poshoe has approximately four million users and its mission is to dominate the second-hand sneaker market and become a multi-billion dollar company.
Due to the significant increase of daily online buyers, Poshoe’s top management decided to adopt a big data analytics tool that could help the company effectively handle, store, and analyze data. Before initiating the implementation process, they decided to conduct a risk assessment. Initially, the company identified its assets, threats, and vulnerabilities associated with its information systems. In terms of assets, the company identified the information that was vital to the achievement of the organization’s mission and objectives. During this phase, the company also detected a rootkit in their software, through which an attacker could remotely access Poshoe’s systems and acquire sensitive data.
The company discovered that the rootkit had been installed by an attacker who had gained administrator access. As a result, the attacker was able to obtain the customers’ personal data after they purchased a product from Poshoe. Luckily, the company was able to execute some scans from the target device and gain greater visibility into their software’s settings in order to identify the vulnerability of the system.
The company initially used the qualitative risk analysis technique to assess the consequences and the likelihood and to determine the level of risk. The company defined the likelihood of risk as “a few times in two years with the probability of 1 to 3 times per year.” Later, it was decided that they would use a quantitative risk analysis methodology since it would provide additional information on this major risk. Lastly, the top management decided to treat the risk immediately as it could expose the company to other issues. In addition, it was communicated to their employees that they should update, secure, and back up Poshoe’s software in order to protect customers’ personal information and prevent unauthorized access from attackers.
According to scenario 4, which type of assets was identified during the risk identification process?
- A . Tangible assets
- B . Primary assets
- C . Supporting assets
B
Explanation:
During the risk identification process, Poshoe identified the information that was vital to the achievement of the organization’s mission and objectives. Such information is considered a primary asset because it directly supports the organization’s core business objectives. Primary assets are those that are essential to the organization’s functioning and achieving its strategic goals. Option A (Tangible assets) refers to physical assets like hardware or facilities, which is not relevant here. Option C (Supporting assets) refers to assets that support primary assets, like IT infrastructure or software, which also does not fit the context.
Which statement regarding risks and opportunities is correct?
- A . Risks always have a positive outcome whereas opportunities have an unpredicted outcome
- B . Opportunities might have a positive impact, whereas risks might have a negative impact
- C . There is no difference between opportunities and risks; these terms can be used interchangeably
B
Explanation:
ISO standards, including ISO/IEC 27005, make a distinction between risks and opportunities. Risks are defined as the effect of uncertainty on objectives, which can result in negative consequences (such as financial loss, reputational damage, or operational disruption). Opportunities, on the other hand, are situations or conditions that have the potential to provide a positive impact on achieving objectives. Therefore, option B is correct, as it accurately reflects that risks are generally associated with negative impacts, while opportunities can lead to positive outcomes. Option A is incorrect because risks can have negative outcomes, not positive ones. Option C is incorrect because risks and opportunities have different meanings and implications and are not interchangeable.
Which statement regarding risks and opportunities is correct?
- A . Risks always have a positive outcome whereas opportunities have an unpredicted outcome
- B . Opportunities might have a positive impact, whereas risks might have a negative impact
- C . There is no difference between opportunities and risks; these terms can be used interchangeably
B
Explanation:
ISO standards, including ISO/IEC 27005, make a distinction between risks and opportunities. Risks are defined as the effect of uncertainty on objectives, which can result in negative consequences (such as financial loss, reputational damage, or operational disruption). Opportunities, on the other hand, are situations or conditions that have the potential to provide a positive impact on achieving objectives. Therefore, option B is correct, as it accurately reflects that risks are generally associated with negative impacts, while opportunities can lead to positive outcomes. Option A is incorrect because risks can have negative outcomes, not positive ones. Option C is incorrect because risks and opportunities have different meanings and implications and are not interchangeable.
According to ISO/IEC 27000, what is the definition of information security?
- A . Preservation of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information
- B . Protection of privacy during the processing of personally identifiable information
- C . Preservation of authenticity, accountability, and reliability in the cyberspace
A
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27000, information security is defined as the "preservation of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information."
This definition highlights the three core principles of information security:
Confidentiality ensures that information is not disclosed to unauthorized individuals or systems. Integrity ensures the accuracy and completeness of information and its processing methods. Availability ensures that authorized users have access to information and associated assets when required.
This definition encompasses the protection of information in all forms and aligns with ISO/IEC 27005’s guidelines on managing information security risks. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. Options B and C are incorrect as they refer to more specific aspects or other areas of information management.
According to ISO/IEC 27000, what is the definition of information security?
- A . Preservation of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information
- B . Protection of privacy during the processing of personally identifiable information
- C . Preservation of authenticity, accountability, and reliability in the cyberspace
A
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27000, information security is defined as the "preservation of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information."
This definition highlights the three core principles of information security:
Confidentiality ensures that information is not disclosed to unauthorized individuals or systems. Integrity ensures the accuracy and completeness of information and its processing methods. Availability ensures that authorized users have access to information and associated assets when required.
This definition encompasses the protection of information in all forms and aligns with ISO/IEC 27005’s guidelines on managing information security risks. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. Options B and C are incorrect as they refer to more specific aspects or other areas of information management.