Practice Free GitHub Foundations Exam Online Questions
Question #1
As a user, which of the following default labels is used to indicate that a maintainer needs assistance on an issue or pull request?
- A . Enhancement
- B . Question
- C . Help wanted
- D . Documentation
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
In GitHub, labels are used to categorize issues and pull requests, and certain default labels are provided to help manage tasks:
Help Wanted Label:
Option C is correct. The "Help wanted" label is used to indicate that the maintainer of the repository needs assistance on a particular issue or pull request. This label helps in attracting contributors who might be interested in helping with specific tasks.
Other Options:
Option A ("Enhancement") is incorrect because it indicates a request for a new feature or improvement rather than a call for help.
Option B ("Question") is incorrect because it is used to flag issues or pull requests that seek clarification or additional information, not necessarily requiring assistance.
Option D ("Documentation") is incorrect because it labels issues or PRs related to documentation, not for seeking help.
Reference: GitHub Docs: Using Labels
C
Explanation:
In GitHub, labels are used to categorize issues and pull requests, and certain default labels are provided to help manage tasks:
Help Wanted Label:
Option C is correct. The "Help wanted" label is used to indicate that the maintainer of the repository needs assistance on a particular issue or pull request. This label helps in attracting contributors who might be interested in helping with specific tasks.
Other Options:
Option A ("Enhancement") is incorrect because it indicates a request for a new feature or improvement rather than a call for help.
Option B ("Question") is incorrect because it is used to flag issues or pull requests that seek clarification or additional information, not necessarily requiring assistance.
Option D ("Documentation") is incorrect because it labels issues or PRs related to documentation, not for seeking help.
Reference: GitHub Docs: Using Labels
Question #2
Which of the following is always true about the feature preview phases Alpha and Beta?
- A . Alpha features are not available to the public.
- B . Alpha features are documented.
- C . Alpha and Beta features offer Service Level Agreements (SLAs).
- D . Beta features provide technical support.
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
The terms Alpha and Beta are often used in software development to describe different stages of feature testing and release.
Alpha Features:
Option A is correct because Alpha features are typically in the early stages of development and are not available to the public. They are usually tested internally or by a limited audience.
Incorrect Options:
Option B is incorrect because Alpha features are often undocumented as they are in the early development phase.
Option C is incorrect because Alpha and Beta features usually do not offer Service Level Agreements (SLAs) due to their experimental nature.
Option D is incorrect because Beta features might offer limited support, but it is not guaranteed, especially compared to fully released features.
Reference: GitHub Docs: About Feature Previews
A
Explanation:
The terms Alpha and Beta are often used in software development to describe different stages of feature testing and release.
Alpha Features:
Option A is correct because Alpha features are typically in the early stages of development and are not available to the public. They are usually tested internally or by a limited audience.
Incorrect Options:
Option B is incorrect because Alpha features are often undocumented as they are in the early development phase.
Option C is incorrect because Alpha and Beta features usually do not offer Service Level Agreements (SLAs) due to their experimental nature.
Option D is incorrect because Beta features might offer limited support, but it is not guaranteed, especially compared to fully released features.
Reference: GitHub Docs: About Feature Previews
Question #3
As a user, what feature can you use to merge proposed changes in a repository on GitHub?
- A . Issues
- B . Pull requests
- C . Projects
- D . Discussions
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
The feature you can use to merge proposed changes in a repository on GitHub is Pull requests. Pull requests are a core feature of GitHub, allowing developers to propose changes to a codebase, review code, discuss the changes, and eventually merge them into the main branch. This collaborative workflow ensures that code is reviewed and vetted before becoming part of the project.
B
Explanation:
The feature you can use to merge proposed changes in a repository on GitHub is Pull requests. Pull requests are a core feature of GitHub, allowing developers to propose changes to a codebase, review code, discuss the changes, and eventually merge them into the main branch. This collaborative workflow ensures that code is reviewed and vetted before becoming part of the project.
Question #4
Which of the following items can you customize for an individual Codespace? (Each answer presents a complete solution. Choose three.)
- A . Shell
- B . Branch protections
- C . Name
- D . Default editor
- E . Operating system
Correct Answer: A, C, D
A, C, D
Explanation:
When using GitHub Codespaces, you can customize several aspects of the development environment:
Shell: You can choose the default shell to be used in the Codespace, such as Bash, Zsh, or PowerShell.
Name: Users can customize the name of their Codespace for easier identification.
Default editor: You can choose which editor to use within the Codespace, such as Visual Studio Code or others that may be supported.
Branch protections and the operating system are not customizable for an individual Codespace within GitHub, making the options Shell, Name, and Default editor the correct answers.
A, C, D
Explanation:
When using GitHub Codespaces, you can customize several aspects of the development environment:
Shell: You can choose the default shell to be used in the Codespace, such as Bash, Zsh, or PowerShell.
Name: Users can customize the name of their Codespace for easier identification.
Default editor: You can choose which editor to use within the Codespace, such as Visual Studio Code or others that may be supported.
Branch protections and the operating system are not customizable for an individual Codespace within GitHub, making the options Shell, Name, and Default editor the correct answers.
Question #5
What are advantages of GitHub Projects over GitHub Projects Classic? (Each answer presents a complete solution. Choose two.)
- A . GitHub Projects has multiple layout views.
- B . GitHub Projects has Insights.
- C . GitHub Projects are Copilot enabled.
- D . GitHub Projects can be connected to third-party tools.
Correct Answer: A, B
A, B
Explanation:
GitHub Projects is a newer, more powerful version of project management within GitHub, offering enhanced features over the classic version.
Multiple Layout Views:
Option A is correct because GitHub Projects supports multiple views, such as board, table, and timeline views, allowing users to visualize their work in different ways according to their needs.
Insights:
Option B is correct because GitHub Projects provides insights and analytics, enabling teams to track progress and make data-driven decisions.
Incorrect Options:
Option C is incorrect because while GitHub Copilot is a tool for code suggestions, it is not directly integrated with GitHub Projects as a feature.
Option D is incorrect because both GitHub Projects and GitHub Projects Classic can be connected to third-party tools, so it is not an exclusive advantage of the newer GitHub Projects.
Reference: GitHub Docs: Managing Projects
A, B
Explanation:
GitHub Projects is a newer, more powerful version of project management within GitHub, offering enhanced features over the classic version.
Multiple Layout Views:
Option A is correct because GitHub Projects supports multiple views, such as board, table, and timeline views, allowing users to visualize their work in different ways according to their needs.
Insights:
Option B is correct because GitHub Projects provides insights and analytics, enabling teams to track progress and make data-driven decisions.
Incorrect Options:
Option C is incorrect because while GitHub Copilot is a tool for code suggestions, it is not directly integrated with GitHub Projects as a feature.
Option D is incorrect because both GitHub Projects and GitHub Projects Classic can be connected to third-party tools, so it is not an exclusive advantage of the newer GitHub Projects.
Reference: GitHub Docs: Managing Projects
Question #6
Which of the following best describes GitHub flow?
- A . A branching model that uses feature branches and multiple primary branches
- B . A strategy where separate branches are created for each release, and pull requests are used to collaborate on and approve releases
- C . A lightweight workflow that allows for safe experimentation with new ideas and collaboration on projects through branching, pull requests, and merging
- D . A strict workflow that enforces a linear development process with all changes made directly on the main branch
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
GitHub Flow is a simple, yet powerful, branching strategy that is widely used in modern software development. It emphasizes collaboration and flexibility.
GitHub Flow:
Option C is correct because GitHub Flow is a lightweight workflow designed for safe experimentation and collaboration. It involves creating branches for new features or fixes, opening pull requests for review, and merging changes back into the main branch after approval.
Incorrect Options:
Option A is incorrect because GitHub Flow uses a single main branch, not multiple primary branches.
Option B is incorrect because GitHub Flow is not specifically designed around releases; it is more focused on continuous development and integration.
Option D is incorrect because GitHub Flow is not strict or linear; it encourages branching and pull requests rather than direct changes on the main branch.
Reference: GitHub Docs: Understanding the GitHub Flow
GitHub Guides: The GitHub Flow
C
Explanation:
GitHub Flow is a simple, yet powerful, branching strategy that is widely used in modern software development. It emphasizes collaboration and flexibility.
GitHub Flow:
Option C is correct because GitHub Flow is a lightweight workflow designed for safe experimentation and collaboration. It involves creating branches for new features or fixes, opening pull requests for review, and merging changes back into the main branch after approval.
Incorrect Options:
Option A is incorrect because GitHub Flow uses a single main branch, not multiple primary branches.
Option B is incorrect because GitHub Flow is not specifically designed around releases; it is more focused on continuous development and integration.
Option D is incorrect because GitHub Flow is not strict or linear; it encourages branching and pull requests rather than direct changes on the main branch.
Reference: GitHub Docs: Understanding the GitHub Flow
GitHub Guides: The GitHub Flow
Question #7
Where should a repository admin navigate to view pre-built visualizations from repository data?
- A . Settings
- B . Issues
- C . Insights
- D . Charts
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
GitHub provides repository admins with a feature called "Insights" where they can view various pre-built visualizations and analytics related to the repository.
Insights:
Option C is correct because the "Insights" tab in a GitHub repository offers various pre-built visualizations, including contributions, traffic, code frequency, dependency graphs, and more. This helps admins and maintainers track the project’s activity and health.
Other Options:
Option A (Settings) is incorrect because the Settings tab is where you configure repository settings, permissions, and integrations, but it does not provide visualizations of repository data.
Option B (Issues) is incorrect because the Issues tab is used for tracking bugs, enhancements, and other tasks but does not provide data visualizations.
Option D (Charts) is incorrect as there is no "Charts" tab or section in GitHub. The correct location for data visualizations is under "Insights."
Reference: GitHub Docs: Viewing Repository Insights
C
Explanation:
GitHub provides repository admins with a feature called "Insights" where they can view various pre-built visualizations and analytics related to the repository.
Insights:
Option C is correct because the "Insights" tab in a GitHub repository offers various pre-built visualizations, including contributions, traffic, code frequency, dependency graphs, and more. This helps admins and maintainers track the project’s activity and health.
Other Options:
Option A (Settings) is incorrect because the Settings tab is where you configure repository settings, permissions, and integrations, but it does not provide visualizations of repository data.
Option B (Issues) is incorrect because the Issues tab is used for tracking bugs, enhancements, and other tasks but does not provide data visualizations.
Option D (Charts) is incorrect as there is no "Charts" tab or section in GitHub. The correct location for data visualizations is under "Insights."
Reference: GitHub Docs: Viewing Repository Insights
Question #8
What are the defining features of Git?
- A . Distributed version control, open source software, and being designed for handling projects of any size with efficiency
- B . Sequential version control, cloud-based hosting service, and being designed for collaboration on large projects
- C . Low-cost local branching, convenient staging areas, multiple workflows, and being designed for managing small projects
- D . Centralized version control, proprietary software, and being designed for small projects
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
Git is a widely-used version control system that has several defining features:
Distributed Version Control:
Git is a distributed version control system, meaning that every developer has a full copy of the entire repository, including its history, on their local machine. This enables greater flexibility, as work can be done offline and each user has access to the full project history.
Open Source Software:
Git is open-source, meaning its source code is freely available for use, modification, and distribution.
This fosters a large community of users and contributors who continuously improve the software.
Efficiency with Large Projects:
Git is designed to handle projects of any size with speed and efficiency. It can manage large codebases and many contributors without significant performance degradation, making it suitable for everything from small personal projects to large, complex software systems.
Incorrect Options:
Option B is incorrect because Git is not a sequential version control system, nor is it inherently tied to cloud-based services. GitHub, GitLab, and other platforms offer cloud hosting for Git repositories, but Git itself is a version control tool.
Option C is incorrect because Git is not limited to small projects; it is designed to scale efficiently, and the other features mentioned are only partial descriptions of Git’s capabilities.
Option D is incorrect because Git is not a centralized version control system; it is distributed.
Additionally, Git is open-source, not proprietary, and is used for projects of all sizes.
Reference: Pro Git Book: What is Git?
Git Documentation: Distributed Version Control
GitHub Docs: Understanding the Git Workflow
A
Explanation:
Git is a widely-used version control system that has several defining features:
Distributed Version Control:
Git is a distributed version control system, meaning that every developer has a full copy of the entire repository, including its history, on their local machine. This enables greater flexibility, as work can be done offline and each user has access to the full project history.
Open Source Software:
Git is open-source, meaning its source code is freely available for use, modification, and distribution.
This fosters a large community of users and contributors who continuously improve the software.
Efficiency with Large Projects:
Git is designed to handle projects of any size with speed and efficiency. It can manage large codebases and many contributors without significant performance degradation, making it suitable for everything from small personal projects to large, complex software systems.
Incorrect Options:
Option B is incorrect because Git is not a sequential version control system, nor is it inherently tied to cloud-based services. GitHub, GitLab, and other platforms offer cloud hosting for Git repositories, but Git itself is a version control tool.
Option C is incorrect because Git is not limited to small projects; it is designed to scale efficiently, and the other features mentioned are only partial descriptions of Git’s capabilities.
Option D is incorrect because Git is not a centralized version control system; it is distributed.
Additionally, Git is open-source, not proprietary, and is used for projects of all sizes.
Reference: Pro Git Book: What is Git?
Git Documentation: Distributed Version Control
GitHub Docs: Understanding the Git Workflow
Question #9
Which of the following is the purpose of a GitHub repository?
- A . To provide a folder that stores project files, including documentation, on your local machine
- B . To provide a version control system designed for small projects, offering simple tools for organizing files on your laptop
- C . To provide a cloud-based hosting service for project documentation, providing a secure and centralized location for file storage
- D . To provide a collaborative space where developers can share and manage code files, track changes, and store revision history
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
A GitHub repository serves as a collaborative space where developers can share and manage code files, track changes, and store revision history. It is much more than just a folder or simple tool; it is a comprehensive version control system that allows teams to collaborate effectively on codebases. Repositories enable developers to work together, manage contributions, review code, and maintain a complete history of every change made to the project.
D
Explanation:
A GitHub repository serves as a collaborative space where developers can share and manage code files, track changes, and store revision history. It is much more than just a folder or simple tool; it is a comprehensive version control system that allows teams to collaborate effectively on codebases. Repositories enable developers to work together, manage contributions, review code, and maintain a complete history of every change made to the project.
Question #10
Which of the following are advantages of saved replies? (Each correct answer presents part of the solution. Choose two.)
- A . Saved replies are tied to a GitHub user’s personal account.
- B . Saved replies are allocated at the enterprise level for all users.
- C . Saved replies allow you to create a reusable response to issues and pull requests.
- D . Saved replies will send auto notifications when a user is tagged to an issue.
Correct Answer: A, C
A, C
Explanation:
Saved replies in GitHub are a feature that allows users to create and save templates of commonly used responses for issues and pull requests. This feature can significantly enhance productivity and ensure consistent communication.
Saved Replies Are Tied to a User’s Personal Account:
Option A is correct because saved replies are specific to a user’s GitHub account, meaning they are accessible to the user across all repositories they have access to.
Saved Replies Allow Reusable Responses:
Option C is correct because the primary purpose of saved replies is to allow users to create reusable responses for issues and pull requests, saving time and ensuring consistency.
Incorrect Options:
Option B is incorrect because saved replies are not allocated at the enterprise level; they are specific to individual user accounts.
Option D is incorrect because saved replies do not send auto notifications; they are manually inserted by the user when responding to issues or pull requests.
Reference: GitHub Docs: Using Saved Replies
A, C
Explanation:
Saved replies in GitHub are a feature that allows users to create and save templates of commonly used responses for issues and pull requests. This feature can significantly enhance productivity and ensure consistent communication.
Saved Replies Are Tied to a User’s Personal Account:
Option A is correct because saved replies are specific to a user’s GitHub account, meaning they are accessible to the user across all repositories they have access to.
Saved Replies Allow Reusable Responses:
Option C is correct because the primary purpose of saved replies is to allow users to create reusable responses for issues and pull requests, saving time and ensuring consistency.
Incorrect Options:
Option B is incorrect because saved replies are not allocated at the enterprise level; they are specific to individual user accounts.
Option D is incorrect because saved replies do not send auto notifications; they are manually inserted by the user when responding to issues or pull requests.
Reference: GitHub Docs: Using Saved Replies